Resources

This European Court of Auditors report assesses how EU cohesion policy funding has supported youth employment across Member States. It examines the effectiveness of measures financed through the European Social Fund and the Youth Employment Initiative in helping young people access employment, education and training opportunities. 

This discussion paper analyses the labour market reforms introduced through Spain’s Recovery and Resilience Plan and their preliminary impact on employment outcomes. It examines measures aimed at reducing temporary employment, strengthening active labour market policies, improving skills development and modernising vocational education and training. 

This report presents the ComNetNEET project, a European initiative aimed at promoting the social inclusion and employability of young people who are NEET.

This report examines the rising share of young people (16-24) not in education, employment or training in the United Kingdom. It looks into the changing composition of NEETs facing challenges related to low qualifications, health issues, or economic difficulties. 

This report investigates why the UK’s NEET rate has been rising since 2019, and why it has long been higher than in many other countries. It explores the potential links with factors such as current labour market conditions, health and well-being levels, as well as social support systems. 

Published every two years, this capacity report provides an EU-wide overview of the evolving role of Public Employment Services (PES) in 2025, with a special focus on the reinforced Youth Guarantee, alongside two additional themes: skills-based approaches and the role of PES in addressing labour shortages.

Youthpass is a European recognition tool for identifying and documenting learning outcomes that are acquired through non-formal and informal learning in projects under the Erasmus+ Youth and the European Solidarity Corps programmes. 

The objective of this report is the evaluation of 28 projects under the ALMA initiative, carried out with the European Social Fund Agency, and more specifically of the impact on participants and beneficiaries.

This report focuses on disparities in access to digital infrastructure, quality education, training, and skills that shape opportunities in the changing world of work.

This article assesses the impact of the Youth Employment Initiative (YEI), a major EU funding instrument targeting young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs), across European regions.